Bear Metal Help

Karu rev 01

Baseboard Ports

The baseboard with its port labels: CAN3, T1-ETH, TELEM1 to TELEM3, UART&I2C, DEBUG, RC IN/AUX, POWER1, POWER2 and FMU PWM OUT 1 to 12

The other side of the baseboard with its port labels: AD&IO, CAN2, CAN1, I2C, USB, DSM, NFC, GPS2, GPS1 and SPI

Directions are given from the board: TX (out) leaves the board, RX (in) enters it.

The 5 V on the ports comes from two rails, each with its own current limit. VDD_5V_HIPOWER feeds TELEM1 and GPS2; VDD_5V_PERIPH feeds TELEM2, TELEM3, CAN1, CAN2, CAN3, UART&I2C, GPS1, SPI, I2C, AD&IO.

In standard Pixhawk cables the pin 1 wire is red and the rest are black.

The 2.54 mm headers mark their rows −, + and S: top row A is GND (−), middle row B is power (+), bottom row C is the signal (S). Pins are numbered by position and row, so 3C is the signal pin of position 3.

Ports

Ref Port Connector
J16 POWER1 Molex CLIK-Mate, 2.00 mm pitch, 6 pins
J17 POWER2 Molex CLIK-Mate, 2.00 mm pitch, 6 pins
J20 FMU PWM OUT 1-8 2.54 mm right-angle header, 8 positions × 3 rows
J15 FMU PWM OUT 9-12 2.54 mm right-angle header, 4 positions × 3 rows
J13 RC IN / AUX 2.54 mm right-angle header, 2 positions × 3 rows
J5 TELEM1 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 6 pins
J3 TELEM2 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 6 pins
J26 TELEM3 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 6 pins
J9 CAN1 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins
J10 CAN2 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins
J6 CAN3 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins
J21 ETH JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 2 pins
J8 UART & I2C JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 7 pins
J23 FMU DEBUG JST SH, 1.00 mm pitch, 10 pins
J18 USB-C Molex USB-C receptacle, right angle, 16 pins
J19 USB JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins
J4 GPS1 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 10 pins
J7 GPS2 JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 6 pins
J11 SPI JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 11 pins
J2 DSM RC JST ZH, 1.50 mm pitch, 3 pins
J24 I2C JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins
J14 AD & IO JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 8 pins
J12 NFC JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 2 pins

I2C buses

Bus Ports Onboard devices
I2C1 POWER1, GPS1
I2C2 POWER2, GPS2
I2C6 UART & I2C, I2C 24LC64 EEPROM at 7-bit address 0x51, SE052 secure element address 0x48

Power, PWM output and RC input

POWER1 (J16), POWER2 (J17)

Molex CLIK-Mate, 2.00 mm pitch, 6 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VDD5V +5 V
2 VDD5V +5 V
3 SCL +3.3 V
4 SDA +3.3 V
5 GND GND
6 GND GND

Pins 3 and 4 connect the power module’s voltage and current monitor to the port’s I2C bus.

Port Role I2C bus
POWER1 main power input I2C1
POWER2 backup power input I2C2

FMU PWM OUT 1-8 (J20), 9-12 (J15)

2.54 mm right-angle header, 12 positions × 3 rows.

Positions are numbered 1 to 12 from right to left.

Pin Signal Level
1A to 12A (−) GND GND
1B to 12B (+) VDD_SERVO external
1C to 12C (S) FMU_CH1 to FMU_CH12 +3.3 V

Pins 1-8 support DShot.

The board does not power VDD_SERVO; feed the rail from an external supply.

The VDD_SERVO voltage reading is only valid up to 9.9 V.

RC IN / AUX (J13)

2.54 mm right-angle header, 2 positions × 3 rows.

Position 1 is on the right, position 2 on the left.

Pin Signal Level
1A − GND GND
1B + VDD_5V_AUX +5 V
1C S AUX out +3.3 V
2A − GND GND
2B + VDD_5V_RC +5 V
2C S SBUS/PPM in +3.3 V

Connect the receiver to position 2. The input accepts SBUS or PPM.

Position 1 outputs SBUS, for a device that takes it.

Telemetry, network, serial and debug

TELEM1 (J5), TELEM2 (J3), TELEM3 (J26)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 6 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC +5 V
2 TX (out) +3.3 V
3 RX (in) +3.3 V
4 CTS (in) +3.3 V
5 RTS (out) +3.3 V
6 GND GND

All three support hardware flow control. TELEM1 shares its 5 V rail only with GPS2, so it is the port for the telemetry radio that draws the most current.

Port UART Pin 1 rail
TELEM1 UART4 VDD_5V_HIPOWER
TELEM2 UART8 VDD_5V_PERIPH
TELEM3 UART10 VDD_5V_PERIPH

CAN1 (J9), CAN2 (J10), CAN3 (J6)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_PERIPH) +5 V
2 CANH1 to CANH3 +3.3 V
3 CANL1 to CANL3 +3.3 V
4 GND GND

Three independent buses.

ETH (J21)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 2 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 TRX_P differential
2 TRX_N differential

100BASE-T1. One twisted pair carries both directions, so there are no separate transmit and receive pins.

The PHY is strapped as master in autonomous mode, so the link partner must be the slave.

UART & I2C (J8)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 7 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_PERIPH) +5 V
2 TX (out) +3.3 V
3 RX (in) +3.3 V
4 SCL (I2C6) +3.3 V
5 SDA (I2C6) +3.3 V
6 NFC_GPIO +3.3 V
7 GND GND

Labelled EXTERNAL 2 on the schematic. UART11 plus I2C6.

FMU DEBUG (J23)

JST SH, 1.00 mm pitch, 10 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 FMU_VDD_3V3 +3.3 V
2 FMU_USART_TX +3.3 V
3 FMU_USART_RX +3.3 V
4 FMU_SWD_IO +3.3 V
5 FMU_SWD_CK +3.3 V
6 SPI6_MOSI +3.3 V
7 NFC_GPIO +3.3 V
8 GPIO_EMC_B2_12 +3.3 V
9 FMU_nRST +3.3 V
10 GND GND

Console and SWD debug probe.

USB-C (J18)

Molex USB-C receptacle, right angle, 16 pins.

Pin Signal Level
A1 GND GND
A4 VBUS +5 V
A5 CC1 +3.3 V
A6 DP differential
A7 DM differential
A8 SBU1 not connected
A9 VBUS +5 V
A12 GND GND
B1 GND GND
B4 VBUS +5 V
B5 CC2 +3.3 V
B6 DP differential
B7 DM differential
B8 SBU2 not connected
B9 VBUS +5 V
B12 GND GND

USB (J19)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VBUS +5 V
2 DM differential
3 DP differential
4 GND GND

The same USB signals as the USB-C receptacle, on a header beside it. Use one or the other, not both.

GNSS, SPI, RC, I2C and analogue IO

GPS1 (J4)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 10 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_PERIPH) +5 V
2 TX (out) +3.3 V
3 RX (in) +3.3 V
4 SCL (I2C1) +3.3 V
5 SDA (I2C1) +3.3 V
6 SAFETY_SWITCH +3.3 V
7 SAFETY_SWITCH_LED +3.3 V
8 VDD_3V3 +3.3 V
9 BUZZER 0 to 5 V
10 GND GND

UART3 and I2C1, plus the safety switch and the buzzer. This is the port for a GPS module with a compass and a safety switch with LED.

Wire the buzzer between pin 9 and a 5 V pin: pin 9 switches to GND to sound it.

GPS2 (J7)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 6 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_HIPOWER) +5 V
2 TX (out) +3.3 V
3 RX (in) +3.3 V
4 SCL (I2C2) +3.3 V
5 SDA (I2C2) +3.3 V
6 GND GND

UART5 and I2C2, for a second GPS module with a compass.

SPI (J11)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 11 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_PERIPH) +5 V
2 SPI_SCK +3.3 V
3 SPI_MISO +3.3 V
4 SPI_MOSI +3.3 V
5 SPI_CS1 +3.3 V
6 SPI_CS2 +3.3 V
7 SPI_SYNC +3.3 V
8 SPI_DRDY1 +3.3 V
9 SPI_DRDY2 +3.3 V
10 SPI_nRESET +3.3 V
11 GND GND

External SPI sensors. Two chip selects, so two devices can share the port.

DSM RC (J2)

JST ZH, 1.50 mm pitch, 3 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VDD_3V3_SPEKTRUM +3.3 V
2 GND GND
3 DSM/SPEKTRUM IN +3.3 V

Spektrum receiver, powered at 3.3 V.

This shares its input with position 2 of the RC IN / AUX header. Connect a receiver to either, never both.

I2C (J24)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 4 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_PERIPH) +5 V
2 SCL (I2C6) +3.3 V
3 SDA (I2C6) +3.3 V
4 GND GND

AD & IO (J14)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 8 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 VCC (VDD_5V_PERIPH) +5 V
2 FMU_CAP +3.3 V
3 FMU_BOOTLOADER +3.3 V
4 FMU_RST_REQ +3.3 V
5 NARMED +3.3 V
6 ADC1_3V3 0 to 3.3 V
7 ADC1_6V6 0 to 6.6 V
8 GND GND

Analogue inputs and control lines. Pin 7 shares an ADC channel with the VDD_SERVO rail measurement; use one or the other.

NFC (J12)

JST GH, 1.25 mm pitch, 2 pins.

Pin Signal Level
1 LB coil
2 LA coil

NFC antenna coil for the onboard secure element.